English Name/ Common name- Cashew Tree
Local name- ಗೋಡಂಬಿ ಮರ
Botanical name- Anacardium occidentale
Appearance- The plant may grow to 12 meters in height where the soil is fertile and the humidity high. The leathery leaves are spirally arranged and elliptical in shape. The curved fruit, which is not a true nut, is shaped like a large thick bean and can reach more than 2.5 cm long. The cashew apple, which is an accessory fruit, is about three times as large as the true fruit and is reddish or yellow. The true fruit has two walls or shells.
Origin- The cashew is native to northeastern Brazil. Portuguese missionaries took it to East Africa and India during the late 16th century, where it became abundant at low altitudes near the seacoast.
Conditions required for growth- You can grow cashew trees anywhere in the wet/dry tropics. Day temperatures for growing cashews should not drop below 10°C, and cashew trees handle temperatures above 40°C well. An average day temperature of around 25°C is ideal. They are fairly drought-resistant and grow well even on marginal soils where other fruit trees would fail. The best soils for growing cashews are sandy soils. Select a well-drained spot (cashew trees don't like heavy clay soils), preferably a place that has some protection from strong winds.
Uses- The tree produces wood that is useful in local economies for such practical items as shipping crates, boats, and charcoal as well as for a gum that is similar to gum arabic. The resin within the shells of the fruit is used as an insecticide and in the production of plastics; it also is important in traditional medicines. The cashew apple is used locally in beverages, jams, and jellies, though most cultivation is directed toward the production of the valuable seed crop. The cashew nut is roasted and used in sweets, curries or is salted and consumed as a snack.
Common remedies-
Cashew apples, also known as 'cashew fruits' are a powerhouse of protein and minerals that include copper, calcium, magnesium, potassium, iron, and zinc. Therefore regular intake of cashew fruits prevents getting sick and also ensures quick healing as it supports the human immune system.
- To relieve cold (Part of the tree used - Fruit) : Cut the fresh fruit into small pieces. Sprinkle some salt, pepper, and sugar and consume. Honey may also be used as a substitute for sugar. This helps to remove the excess mucus produced when one is suffering from a common cold.
